The diamond is an extremely rare mineral composed of pure carbon. It is well known for its extreme hardness, brilliance, and thermal and electrical characteristics. Natural diamond has been discovered in approximately 35 different countries. Because of their beauty and physical characteristics, diamonds have been regarded as symbols of love, beauty and eternity. The following countries produce industrial grade diamonds: Australia, Botswana, Brazil, China, Congo, Russia and South Africa.

Because it is the hardest substance known, diamond will cut through any material. The principal use of diamonds is in jewellery with the market increasing over 250% over the past 15 years. However, not all diamonds are of gem quality, in fact most diamond deposits contain a varying proportion of industrial and gem quality stones.

Diamond crushing begins with the communition of extracted ore in preparation for further activities to achieve ore values. Crushing operations are designed to produce uniform size particles by crushing, grinding, and wet or dry classification. The capital investment and operation costs of milling equipment are high. For this reason, it is important for us to choose the suitable crushing equipment. Factors that decide the choosing of crushing machine include the value concentration of the ore, its mineralogy, hardness, and moisture content.

Crushing is a multi-staged process and may use dry or wet ore feed. Typically, primary crushing take place at the mine site. Primary crushing is accomplished by using jaw crusher or cone type crushers. Primary crushing yields chunks of ore ranging in size from 6 to 10 inches. Oversize material is passed through additional crushers and classifying equipment to achieve the desired particle size. The ore is then crushed and sized at a secondary milling facility.

Four have been killed so far and more than 54 injured in violence related to the strike at the operation, northwest of Johannesburg. Police dispersed miners gathering to protest last week by firing on crowds with rubber bullets. Shops were looted and roads blocked with burning tires. Impala will re-employ the dismissed workers under their former terms and conditions if they apply by 29 February, the company said. The workers won’t be paid for the days on which they were on strike, it added.

Hongxing Machinery, as a leading manufacturer of mining equipment, can provide you with high quality and low price stone crushing machine, powder grinding machine, and stone making machine and ore beneficiation equipment. As a professional manufacturer, our products have been exported to more than one hundred countries and were quite popular with them. If you have any needs about this, please let we know. We are looking forward to your cooperation.

A grinding mill is a kind of equipment designed to break a solid material into smaller pieces. There are many different types of grinding mills and many types of materials processed in them. Some grinding mill we often used are ball type mill, Raymond kind mill, high pressure suspension grinding mill, vertical mill and super thin grinding mill. The following are some detailed information about them.

Vertical mill is a kind of advanced mill which adopts top technology domestic and abroad based on many years’ mill experiences. It can crush, dry, grind, and classify the materials. This milling machine can be widely used in such industries as cement, power, metallurgy, chemical industry, non-metallic mineral. It is used to grind granular and powdered materials into powder.

The super thin grinding mill is mainly used in processing powder of mineral materials of metallurgy, building materials, chemical industry, mining, etc. This ultrafine mill can grind non-flammable and non-explosive materials with moisture less than 6% such as Feldspar, calcite, talc, barite, fluorite, rare earth, marble, ceramics, bauxite, manganese ore, iron ore, copper ore, phosphate rock, iron oxide red, slag, slag, activated carbon, dolomite, granite, iron oxide yellow, bean cake, chemical fertilizer, compound fertilizer, fly ash, bituminous coal, coke, lignite, Ling U.S. sand, gold, red mud, clay, Kaolin, coke, coal gangue, porcelain clay, kyanite, fluorspar, bentonite, muddy green rock, leaf wax rock, shale, purple rock, Diego rock, basalt, gypsum, graphite, insulation material, etc.

In order to make the size of molybdenum ore materials as fine as possible before entering into milling machine, the crusher must have an excellent fine crushing capability to reduce molybdenum ore size. To achieve this crushing effect, two grades of jaw crushing machine and one fine crusher (high thin breaker machine) are applied in the crushing process. Two types of jaw crushers are coarse and fine jaw crusher. Tertiary fine crushing machine is the key of the whole production line.

Vibrating molybdenum ore feeder is used to feed molybdenum ore evenly to molybdenum ore crushing and grinding machine. Jaw crusher is used in primary crushing station. It can crush molybdenum ore into smaller sizes. Thus, these small molybdenum ore can be fed into mill such as mill equipment for grinding. Impact crusher is generally used after jaw crusher, and can crush hard stones, not only the molybdenum ore, but also other ores such as copper, bauxite, antimony, Kaolinite, gold etc.

The grinding mill manufactured by our company is of high quality, low price, reliability, easy maintenance and so on. Our grinding mills are designed to bring your operating cost down. If you are interested in any kind of our mill, please feel free to contact us.

South Africa, Kazakhstan and Turkey are the world’s largest producers of chromite ore. While many minerals contain chromium, it is the only commercial ore mineral. It has several industrial end uses, primarily based on its Cr: Fe content. High chromium ores are used for producing ferro-chromium for metallurgical applications such as stainless steel (the most important application by volume (85%) and special uses (superalloys, special steels, plating). High iron chromitites are being used for the production of low quality ferro chromium, foundry sands, chromium salts (used in the leather tanning industry, as a pigment and in chromium plating) and refractory purposes.

The crushing process begins with the communition of extracted ore in preparation for further activities to achieve ore values. Crushing operations are designed to produce uniform size particles by crushing, grinding, and wet or dry classification. The capital investment and operation costs of milling equipment are high. For this reason, it is important for us to choose the suitable crushing equipment. Factors that decide the choosing of crushing machine include the value concentration of the ore, its mineralogy, hardness, and moisture content.

Crushing is a multi-staged process and may use dry or wet ore feed. Typically, primary crushing take place at the mine site. Primary crushing is accomplished by using jaw crusher or cone crusher. Primary crushing yields chunks of ore ranging in size from 6 to 10 inches. Oversize material is passed through additional crushers and classifing equipment to achieve the desired particle size. The ore is then crushed and sized at a secondary milling facility. Secondary milling (comminution) further reduces particle size and prepares the ore for beneficiation processes that require finely ground ore feed. The product gold from this additional crushing is usually less than 1 inch (1/2 to 3/4 inches). Secondary crushing, if necessary and economical, is accomplished by using standard cone type or impact type crusher.

Subsequent fine grinding further reduces the ore particles to the consistency of fine powder (325 mesh, 0.0017 inches, and 0.44 microns). The choice of grinding circuit is based on the density and hardness of the ore to be ground. Ball grinder was used as ore grinding mill. Vibrating gold feeder is used to feed ore evenly to crushing and grinding machine. Vibrating gold screen is the screening machine. It screens out the appropriate chromite ore particles, these particles enter into ball grinder for grinding.

As the professional manufacturer of complete sets of mining machinery in mining industry, SBM is always doing the best in products and service.

GP Series cone type crusher adopted the first class crusher design and crushing technology. As a result, the GP Series offers a few outstanding features that enable you to work efficiently in any secondary, tertiary or quaternary crushing application. After taking a closer look at the GP Series crusher, you will be sure to find a GP Series cone breaker ideally satisfy your crushing need.

The compact size and low weight contributes to a high crushing performance, making the Nordberg GP Series crushers highly popular world wide. Several thousands of GP Series gyratory crushers are working around the globe today, a testimony to their first-class reliability and versatility.

The whole range of the GP cones enjoy a global Hongxing Machinery pre and after sales product support including process simulation and planning services, and a comprehensive range of OEM wear parts.

The crusher company plans to construct a quarry to satisfy the needs of creating stone materials within Malaysia. Our company supplies the entire crushing plants as well as service.

The complete crushing plant are utilized to crush large rocks into little size or fine sand for construction along with other purposes. The uncooked stones of quarry tend to be mostly lime stones. The project may be the broad heading. The capability of crushing should be up to 800 — 1000 TPH. And its purpose would be to provide the creating aggregates and sands with regard to infrastructure.

Advanced automation, easy adjustment along with a limited number associated with maintenance points help to make the Nordberg Series really friendly for that operator. The automation program helps the operator to obtain the right crusher settings quickly. You need much less human surveillance throughout crushing.

Hydraulic adjustment from the crusher is secure and fast, and can be carried out continuously under mashing load. For support, GP cones could be dismantled completely in the top. Changing of the liners doesn’t need any backing materials because of the machined put on parts.

Continuous research as well as product development has cheated the simple idea of the floating base type design to make sure reliability. The exceptionally large diameter from the main shaft and also the heavy-duty mainframe make sure robustness. Automation is standard of all GP cone crusher, which contribute significantly in order to ensuring the unit’s dependable operation.

For to higher serve Malaysia clients, Hongxing will set up Malaysia office within 2008, if you need to buy jaw crusher or even get cone crusher costs, please contact all of us. We are here to assist your business.

Simplicity is the key to tilt-up concrete construction. Panels are cast as near to their final position as possible-the most convenient casting base is most often the concrete floor slab of the building. Wood or steel edge forms are prepared and positioned on the casting base. Reinforcing steel, vapor seal, insulation, door and window frames, electric conduit, and outlet boxes are then positioned. Wall panels are cast on the horizontal base, cured, tilted into a vertical position and moved into place with a mobile crane.

It is believed to have been developed in the early 1900s. Records indicate that Robert Aiken, an Illinois contractor, used tilt-up methods to build retaining walls and buildings in the Midwest before 1910. However, tilt-up construction did not increase significantly until after World War Two when contractors recognized that it provides a quick, efficient method of meeting the demand for buildings despite a shortage of labor and materials.

This kind of concrete material is an economically viable method for building individually designed reinforced concrete structures. The process requires few forms and makes efficient use of modern mechanical equipment like impact crusher. Ready mixed concrete for tilt-up is locally available and special labor skills are not required. Panels are formed and cast on the jobsite, and can be quickly tilted, lifted, set in place, and braced with the aid of high capacity mobile cranes.

This process readily lends itself to mass production-panel lengths and heights are easily changed and adapted to meet any individually designed building. It also can be colored, textured, and shaped to meet almost any architectural demand using techniques such as paint, brick facing, curved surfaces, and exposed aggregate.

Tilt-up construction is most frequently used for one-story commercial buildings such as warehouses or office buildings, though two, three and four-story office buildings are becoming commonplace. Condominiums and hotels as tall as ten stories have been constructed with tilt-up concrete. However, it is no longer limited to use in industrial and commercial buildings. In 1993, tilt-up concrete panels were used to construct trickling filter tanks using sand maker at a wastewater treatment plant.

Concrete pavements are made by mixing cement with water, sand, and "virgin aggregates" obtained from rock quarries located in the proximity of the construction site. In Indiana most of these aggregates are quarried limestone.

If you are going to pave, you may have to remove the old concrete and break it into pieces anyway, so recycling makes sense. The researchers are testing concrete mixtures that contain varying percentages of recycled concrete. They also are developing cost-analysis software that will enable the state and construction contractors to estimate how much they could save by using recycled concrete. Crushing old concrete pavements into aggregate that can be recycled in new concrete can potentially reduce materials costs by 10 percent to 20 percent, depending on whether any quarries are located near construction sites.

We can supply any type of used ball grinders for the food, chemical, mining, pharmaceutical, sugar, oil processing, marine, waste water treatment, rendering, environmental, industry and process industries. Used, industrial and commercial mills include pebble mills, slag mills and more. Crushers and mills are used to reduce chemicals, materials or other products to a desired particle or aggregate size range.

This mill machine is the most effective Industry mills for batch-wise, rapid comminution of medium-hard to very hard samples down to the finest particle sizes. The grinding can take place dry or wet. Grinding sets of many different materials are available. The mills can also be used for mixing and homogenisation.

As a professional mill manufacturer, the industry ball grinders manufactured by Hongxing Machinery are of reliable structure, stable running, high efficiency and energy-saving. Its application is pretty wide such as the cement, silicate products, new building material, refractory material, chemical fertilizer, and chemical industry, black and non-ferrous metal beneficiation and glass-ceramic production industries. The products are used to wet grinding or dry grinding of various ores and other grind able materials.

Ball mill is used to grinding various ores and other materials, and tube ball mill is widely used in mineral processing equipment, construction and chemical industry and other national economic departments. This equipment is used to grind ore and other material with different hardness by drying method. They are the main powder grinding equipment widely served in metal ore dressing, building material industry and chemical industry. It gets its name for installing discharging grid plate at the discharging end. The equipment consists of driving part, rotating part, main bearing, feeding and discharging part, lubrication part and electric control part.

This equipment is the key equipment for re-grinding materials after the primary crushing. The application is quite wide such as cement, silicate, products, new building material, refractory material, chemical fertilizer, black and non-ferrous metal beneficiation and grass-ceramic industries. It can be used to wet grinding or dry grinding various ores and other grind able materials. According to the material and ore discharge pattern, the vertical Raymond mill equipment can be chosen as wet type grid ball mill equipment and dry type grid ball grinder equipment.

This ball mill is horizontal type and tubular running device, has two warehouses. This machine is grid type and its outside runs along gear. The material enters spirally and evenly the first warehouse of the milling machine along the input material hollow axis by input material device. In this warehouse, there is a ladder scale board or ripple scale board, and different specification steel balls are installed on the scale board, when the barrel body rotates and then produces centrifugal force, at this time , the steel ball is carried to some height and falls to make the material grinding and striking. After grinded coarsely in the first warehouse, the material then enters into the second warehouse for regrinding with the steel ball and scale board. In the end, the powder is discharged by output material board and the end products are completed.

In recent years, with the rapid construction development home and abroad, huge demand for construction sand sharply rise, but the amount of natural sand collected has been unable to satisfy the amount of sand required for the construction development.

Sand prices began to rise year after year, due to the lack of natural sand. In order to deal with the problem that the shortage of the construction sand between production and consumption, then manufactured sand was produced. Manufactured sand is also called artificial sand, which was produced by crush the cobble stone or other stone into sand by sand manufacturing machine in sand production line.

As the basic materials of concrete, cement mortar of architectural sand, Successful application of artificial sand is an indisputable fact that a large number of engineering practices (including the Three Gorges Project) has demonstrated the possibility and necessity of using sand. The sand manufacturing line consists by vibrating feeding machine, jaw type crusher, screening machine and belt conveying equipment and other mining equipment. According to different process requirements, various types of mining equipment can be combined to meet the technological requirements of different customers.

Firstly, the stone was broken by primary crushing machine such as jaw crusher, impact crusher, then, the coarse sand grain was transported to secondly crusher such as cone type crusher for further crush. Then the broken small stone can be screened out the two major sands via screening machine, one kind can be transported to sand manufacturing machine, the other will be crushed again. The small stone will be made into manufactured sand by sand producing machine, after washing by sand washing device(optional), the final artificial sand was made.

Core equipment for manufactured sand production line is sand manufacturing machine such as vsi crusher, vsi5x crusher etc. There are three generations of this kind of machines produced by our company and each generation has a superior performance and better economic benefits than its previous one. Now most of the manufactured sand are medium, coarse sand, the fineness modulus is of 2.6-3.6 in turbid, particle size distribution even and adjustable, with a certain amount of powder, rough surface, sharp edges.

High strength pumping concrete made by manufactured sand will not block the pump in the process of pumping. The concrete of right use of manufactured sand has large density, impermeability, good freezing-resisting property, other physical properties and long-term durability can use to meet the design requirement too. Manufactured sand is particularly suitable for the preparation of high strength concrete, high-performance concrete and pumping concrete.

Gold is a precious metal mined to create practical and ornamental pieces of work. Refined gold ore can be melted, poured and cast into almost any shape to make jewelry. There are numerous industrial applications for gold, as well. Many electronics and medical devices rely on gold"s ability to conduct electricity and resist corrosion. Here"s how to identify gold ore.

Gold-Ore is an international mining and exploration company with one operating gold mine and several gold and base metal exploration properties at various stages of development. The Bjorkdal Gold Mine and the company"s exploration properties are all located in the safe, highly developed and mining friendly jurisdiction of Sweden. Bjorkdal is currently producing gold from both underground and open-pit operations at an annualized rate approaching 40,000 oz/year. The company is currently focused on expanding the resource base at the mine through development drilling, while also searching for new deposits on highly prospective ground surrounding the minesite. The physical assets of the company are complemented by an experienced operations team at the Bjorkdal Mine and an experienced management team, located in Vancouver, Canada.

How is gold manufactured?

1. Rock is removed from the mine. Rock containing gold, is hauled to the crushing facility. Rock without gold is taken to the overburden storage areas.

2. Large haul trucks are used to move the rock from the Mine to the crushing Facility, or to the overburden storage areas.

3. Ore is processed at the two stage Crushing and Screening Facility,and hauled to the Valley Leach Facility.

4. The Valley Leath Facility is a lined, zero discharge area where dilute sodium cyanide process solution dissolves the gold, and is captured in the bottom of the lined area.

5. The gold is recovered from the process solution with a carbon adsorption process. The final product is a gold and silver button called Dore.

To separate the gold from the ore collected by the diggers in the mine tunnel, the ore was first crushed by a series of hammers in the stammer head. The crushed ore was then run over copper plates that had been treated with cyanide and then tinned with "quick-silver" (mercury). Mercury has a chemical affinity to gold and hence catches it. The resulting mixture was then heated to evaporate the mercury until only the gold remained. This method of extraction was used for many years although it was generally accepted that it was only 60% effective.

Gold mining machine has an important role in gold mining industry. Hongxing Machinery is a professional gold mining machine manufacturer of gold ore crusher ore gold mining crusher and gold mill machines. In gold mining, high technology gold mining equipment, such as gold detectors, elegant modern dredges, and lightweight sluices will be needed.

Gold crusher is also used as the primary crusher for crushing gold ore in gold ore crushing industry. Jaw crusher is the most used gold mining machine for crushing ore. It can reach the crushing ratio of 4-6 and the shape of final product is even. So gold jaw crusher is widely applied to crush ores and rocks with high hardness, mid and soft hardness and ores such as slag, construction materials, marble, etc.

Gold mobile crusher is the newly type of gold mining machine for gold crushing. Gold ore mobile crusher can eliminate the obstacles of the crushing places and circumstances, and offer the high efficient and low cost project plants for the client. To the client, gold mobile crusher is the best choice as a gold mining machine.

Concrete from roads, pavements, airfield runways, buildings, and other sources can be crushed for reuse. After crushing, magnets remove the steel rebar and the resulting aggregates are screened according to planned use. The crushed concrete produces hard, granular aggregates composed of inert mineral materials including sand, gravel, and aid crushed stone.

The American Concrete Pavement Association estimates that approximately 322 kilometers of concrete pavement is being recycled each year and approximately 5.440 metric tons of crushed concrete can be reclaimed from 1.6 km of concrete pavement with an average thickness. This shows that 2.6 million metric tons of reclaimed concrete is being recycled annually in the st1:country-region w:st="on" United States.

TxDOT has specifications that allow crushed concrete to be used in flex base, cement-stabilized base, and riprap. Additionally, crushed concrete can be used as coarse aggregates in Portland Cement Concrete and as fine aggregates in asphalt stabilized base.

Recycling of Portland cement stated in Europe after World War. With time and through necessity, recycled aggregates have become increasingly acceptable as road construction. It is estimated that approximately 100 million tons of concrete nibble is generated annually in the st1:country-region w:st="on" United States. Tins amount is projected to exceed 150 million by the year 2000. Landfill life will be unnecessarily shortened if this volume of nibble is dumped there; furthermore, a valuable material will be wasted if not recycled into usable aggregate products.

IN comparison with the national annual aggregate production of more that 2 billion tons, concrete nibble represents only 5 percent of the aggregate market if it is all recycled. Since some nibble is lost during demolition and some will be disposed of in landfills, recycled concrete aggregate is probably less than 3 percent of the total aggregate market. Crushed concrete, none-the-less represents significant opportunities for economic and environmental benefits.

The Center for Transportation Research (CTR) of the University of Texas at Austin conducted a study on recycled materials for TxDOT. According to its findings, Phan district had the biggest stockpile (3.624 metric tons) of old concrete. Nine of the twenty-one TxDOT districts responded to the survey already had stockpiles of crushed concrete and nineteen districts believed that old concrete could be used as road-base material. TxDOT engineers from Abilene, Atlanta, Beaumont and Dallas districts rated the performance of concrete as excellent and professional final product manufactured by Hongxing sand maker.

Recycling of old concrete pavement has become an important issue as more concrete pavement reaches the end of its functional and structural life. Currently, economic considerations are the primary thrust for the use of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement. However, as landfill spaces become scarcer and more expensive, environmental considerations will play an important role as well.

The section of IH10 in Houston District between Loop 610 and IH 45 is under reconstruction. The contractor decided to use 100 % of RCA in the new pavement concrete. This project is the first one in the nation where all the aggregates used for pavement concrete crushed by impact crusher, both coarse and fine, are recycled with no virgin aggregates used. As such, there is not much information available regarding the performance of PCC pavement with 100% RCA.

In the last decade, construction industry has been conducted research on the utilization of waste products in concrete. Some of waste products are fly ash, rice husk, saw dust, and discarded tires, plastic, glass rock, steel slugs, stone dust and ceramic. Each waste product has its specific effect on properties of fresh and hard concrete. The use of waste products in concrete not only makes it economical but also solves some of the disposal problems. The crushed rock flour can be used to replace the natural sand in concrete. The use of crushed ceramic aggregate can be used to produce lightweight concrete, without affecting strength. The stone dust can be used as alternative material in place of sand in concrete based on grain size data. Sand can replace by rock flour up to 40% without affecting strength and workability. The sand can be replaced fully with rock flour. However a slight loss in workability has been noticed with increase in replacement of san by rock flour. Sand can be replaced fully by rock flour without much loss of workability.

Nearly 20% of rock is converted into rock flour while crushing rock into aggregate at stone breaking plants. In ceramic insulator industry, there is a mass failure of about 30 to 50% of the total production due to improper mixing of raw materials, excess water, improper drying and too much of heating. No work has been reported using stone dust and ceramic scrap together in concrete so far. Hence the present work has been planned to evaluate suitability of these waste materials in concrete production.

The quantities of the constituents of the concrete were obtained from the Indian Standard Mix Design method. The variation of strength of hardened concrete using stone dust as fine aggregate and ceramic scrap as partial / full replacement is studied by casting cubes, cylinders and prisms. The concrete was prepared in the laboratory using mixer and jaw crusher. The cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate were first mixed in dry state to obtain uniform color and calculated amount of water obtained from workability test was added and the whole concrete was mixed for five minutes in wet state. Meanwhile the moulds are screwed tightly to avoid leakage; Oil was applied on inner surface of the moulds. The concrete after mixing using the hammer crusher was poured into moulds in three layers by poking with a tamping rod. The cast specimens were removed from moulds after 24 hours and the specimens were immersed in a clean water tank. After curing the specimens for a period of 28 days, the specimens were removed from the water tank and allowed to dry under shade.